Lake Essays - Flavored Fortified Wines, Fortified Wine, Pejoratives

ts. They drink ?gin and grape juice, Tango, Thunderbird, and Bali Hai, [sniff] glue, and ether and what somebody [claims] [is] cocaine.?(112) What starts out as a harmless prank on the third night of their summer vacation turns into a situation where they get into a fight, attempt to rape a girl, find a dead body and see first hand the destruction a bad character can do to an automobile. The night they lose their ?badness? is nothing special. After the requisite bad character activities: egging mailboxes and hitchhikers, driving up and down Main Street, eating, drinking, and smoking pot. They decide to go up to the local hangout, *u*Greasy Lake*/u*, to see if anything is going on. They cruise up to the lake with their ?lemon-flavored gin,? requisite pot and the itch for some action. There is no better place, for these three bad characters to hang out - *u*Greasy Lake*/u*, is an important place for bad characters to learn an important lesson. The lake, like the events about to unfold, is ?fetid and murky?mud banks glistened with broken glass [,] strewn with beer cans and the charred remains of bonfires.? (112) There are only two vehicles in the whole parking lot, ?the exoskeleton of some gaunt chrome insect, a chopper leaned against its kickstand.? (113) And a, ?57 Chevy, mint, metallic blue.? (113) No excitement, ?expect some junkie halfwit biker and a car freak pumping his girlfriend.? Whatever they are looking for they are not going to find it up at the lake. All of a sudden, they see a friend?s car. This is all the three need to know; now things will get interesting, maybe it is not a wasted trip after all. They flash the headlights and honk the horn, a harmless prank to pull on a friend, ?for all we [know] we might even catch a glimpse of some little fox?s tit. And then we [could] slap backs with red-faced Tony, roughhouse a little, and go on to new heights of adventure and daring.? (113) In their haste for a little excitement and adventure, they fail to re alize it is not Tony?s car after all, but someone else?s car. This is the second mistake. The first is dropping the car keys in the grass. The owner of the car, a greasy booted character, does not find this childish prank funny. He comes out of the car, with fists flying, feet kicking. He is not about to let these guys get away with this so-called harmless prank. This guy is bad; he takes on all three of the friends, and thoroughly beats them up. Even after this, they still think they are bad. ?[He] [goes] for the tire iron under the car seat.? (114) The narrator still holds onto the idea he is bad, ?[He] [keeps] it there because bad characters always keep tire irons under the driver?s seat, for just such an occasion as this.? (114) Everything the narrator thinks is associated with the image of being bad. The reality is this guy has used the tire iron, not for other fights, but to change a flat tire. As for fighting, this bad character has been in only one other fight in his life ?i n the 6th grade, when a kid with a sleepy eye and two streams of mucous [descending] from his nostrils hit me in the knee with a Louisville slugger.? (114) The situation is taking on a life of it's own, a situation the narrator cannot stop.?[The] antagonist [is] shirtless? he [bends] forward to peel Jeff from his back like a wet over coat?Mother*censored*er, he [spits] over and over, and [the narrator] is aware in that instant that all four [of them] ? Digby, Jeff and [the narrator] included ? [are] chanting mother*censored*er, mother*censored*er as if it were a battle cry.? (114) The adrenaline is pumping, hearts racing; the smell of fear is in the air. They are actors in a play watching from the stage, they are bad. In the heat of the moment; ?[I] [go] at him like a kamikaze, mindless, raging, stung with humiliation ? the whole thing, from the initial boot in the shin to this murderous primal instinct.?

buy custom Networking essay

buy custom Networking essay Prior to the standards defined by the IEEE, it is not possible to connect three different OS machines. But as the instructions given by IEEE 802.1 which is bridging and management, illustrates that Windows, Macintosh and Novell NetWare can be connected with each other in a Cisco Environment for exchange of data and management of the policies. Most of the administration and organizations are using these methods to build their intranet and provide their various offices a single internet service such as World Bank. But the Cisco environment provides a latent security feature, which restricts others to share and use personal information delivered from one machine to another. Various protocols are being used in this system and our administrator is working with several IP address on this. Our computer lab consist 40 computers with 4 servers which is directly managed by our IT Manager. These 40 machines works as servers for our other departments and 4 servers controls and manage these 40 computers. We are using Zap Internet Connection as our internet service provider and acquired a shared DHCP server from them, so we can easily maintain our internet connection and control and monitor our sub computers. We have used Class A and Class C of IP addressing for our different departments. 2 servers manage Class A IP addressing and 2 manage the administration with Class C. These all are connected via the Cisco WLAN connection. After deployment of Cisco WLAN into our organization we have find an easy way to access and monitor our other departments as well as we have managed our intranet with the Cisco Voice over IP (VoIP) connectivity. Our users inform us through their VoIP connection and we assist them in their queries via IPv6 which is latest, innovative and secure in managing and providing internet access to client machines. Buy custom Networking essay

National Identity and Multiculturalism of Canada Research Proposal

National Identity and Multiculturalism of Canada - Research Proposal Example It is impossible to avoid the mixture of cultural views as people foreign to Canada bring along with them their own traditions and beliefs. Also, some Canadians may have the tendency to develop some romantic relationships with non-Canadians that result in the mixing of cultures and races at the same time. Religion is also part of the culture that can get mixed up in the process (Beaman and Bayer). The diverse population greatly contributes to the shaping of Canada as a country. They do not develop their system alone as ethnic groups and migrants also contribute to the development of Canada (Banting and Soroka). The history of Canada will also be explored as it may give answers on how Canada formed its identity the people behind the culture (Bumsted). The sociological and political aspects of integration of immigrants will also be studied in the paper as there could be dilemmas that the integration may bring into the nation (Banting). The questions revolving around the topic would be basic such as who is involved? What is the concept of multiculturalism? What are the concerns in the national identity? How does it take place? What are the impacts on society? Can it be traced back in history? What are the effects on individuals? Multiculturalism exists as the ways of life of various groups of people coexist and in some ways mix with one another (Banting). The people involved in the study are the Canadians, ethnic groups and the migrants as they have a different culture but they coexist and influence each other especially in creating a national identity. It takes place in the country of Canada and as foreigners move to Canada for work, they add up to the population and can bring significant change to the established culture and norms.

Impact of the Golden Exiles on the cities economic growth and Essay

Impact of the Golden Exiles on the cities economic growth and solidarity among its immigrant community - Essay Example The initial group of Cuban self-exiles known as the "Golden Exiles" was responsible for establishing a prosperous and atypical exile community that would to this day exercise considerable influence over all early and subsequent Latin American immigrants living in Miami. . The Cubans who left the island for Miami after the Cuban Revolution of 1959 were on a political mission, they were to form a counter-revolutionary front, however to avoid nationalization of their assets they left with as much money as they could and it is this salvaged wealth that became the capital for businesses set up by Cuban-American entrepreneurs. This group was comprised of many professional who were educated, experienced and held well-established connections. For this they were able to contribute to the economic and social growth of the area in which they settled. Many other Latin Americans who later migrated to the US were also seeking political asylum as was the case with many Nicaraguans who were fleeing the dictatorial Samoza regime during the later years of the 1970s. However, desperate economic circumstances and poor living conditions soon replaced these political issues as the main reason for immigration throughout Latin America. ... y Alex Stepick and Carol Dutton Stepick in the article "Power and Identity: Miami Cubans" is quite poignant and demonstrates one way in which immigrants have been able to come together for a common goal. It is because of this that they have held great political influence and often their votes determine electoral outcomes in the state and senators are quick to offer incentives that would appeal to the group. However, dissent is becoming apparent within the ranks. The "Golden Exiles" and their supporters are adamant in their desire to implement measures that could break the socialist hold on Cuba and have fiercely backed the trade embargo that bans all economic interaction between Cuba and the US. On the other hand, many new immigrants want to open dialogue between the two countries with the hope of improving the economic situation since they still hold many close ties with people in Cuba. While these initial immigrant groups were able to reach and maintain a level of economic prosperity and independence, many other groups seem not to be able to achieve such mobility and opt to form communities such as those prevalent in Latin America cities. They forge solidarity based on more immediate and common concerns such as marginalization and adversity, and the need to preserve their culture. These issues seem to spring mainly from identity confusion because they not American enough to be accepted in the wider society but they are neither sufficiently Hispanic to claim their ancestral country as their own. While this does not allow them access to "white" society, the Latin American immigrant community can show solidarity with other historically marginalized groups such as the African-American groups. Though solidarity exists to a great extent, one cannot ignore the friction

The Interactional View Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Interactional View - Essay Example When she revoked the permission, I was so mad at her that I did not talk to her for a month, while I also blamed my father for enabling my mother’s domination over my life. By not talking, it means that I did not communicate with her closely like I used to. The Interactional View helps me understand the impact of family relationships on family communication exchanges and individual behaviors. The Interactional View sees the family as a system of units that influence one another. Indeed, in my situation, my mother’s behavior affected my behavior, while I further connected my behavior to my father’s lack of action on the matter. In the context of a game, the rules are the following: 1) If my mother decides on something, my father implicitly supports it by not questioning her decisions, and 2) Children must obey their parents because they know what is best for the former. These rules do not mean that my father is underneath the power of my mother, but I can see that he wants to avoid conflict with her. The result of the rules of the game in our family is that I lose my agency or control over my life. My parents can change the rules as they wish, but I cannot do anything about it. As a dutiful daughter, I am bound by these rules. I may resent them, but I continue to follow them because I believe in respecting my family’s decisions. Apart from seeing the family as a system governed by the rules of game, The Interactional View asserts the existence of axioms of interpersonal communications. Family homeostasis is central to these axioms because it refers to the unspoken complicity of family members in preserving the status quo. The rules of the game, no matter how dysfunctional, can result to a sense of family homeostasis, though the homeostasis may not be good for the family as a whole or for specific family members. In my case, my parents and I contribute to the family homeostasis because no one directly questions or opposes the rules of the game. I follow my parents’ decisions, even if I do not always agree with them, because saving their face and family values are more important to me than my autonomy. My father also implicitly supports our family homeostasis because he does not conflict with my mother’s decisions. My mother also supports father’s decisions, though when it comes to their children, she is more vocal than my father. The first axiom of The Interactional View states that communication is so constant that to not communicate is a form of communication in itself. Watzlawick explains the concept of symptom strategy, where a person explains the cause of silence as something external, and so verbal communication does not occur. The person makes it look like he/she cannot control his/her silence. One time, my mother asked me why I was not responding to her text messages. I told her that I was busy in the library, which was my symptom strategy. By not saying anything through not answering her text messages, I justified my action through a symptom strategy. In reality, I was mad at her because my best friend and I made numerous plans for the weekend, and I was quite excited to spend two whole days with her. All of those plans

The unemployment problem and possible solutions

The unemployment problem and possible solutions Unemployment is a residual and individual problem which effect on whole economy. By late the 1980s unemployment becomes a big policy and public consensus for the G5 countries (UK, USA, Japan, France and Germany). It continued argue that among the G5 countries the level of UK economy was an economy of Unemployment with all the human and economic waste and inefficiency such as an economy entails. In view of the rapid rise in unemployment that has occurred between 1990 and 1991. But recently the UK has lower unemployment rates than France and Germany. However a number of logical thought trying to explain the policy of unemployment rates and address the solution of Unemployment. Unemployment Unemployment defined as the numbers of people of working age who are able and available for work at current wage rates and who do not have a job. But the unemployment rates in the proportion of unemployed people in the economically active in labour force. Unemployment Rates calculated by: number of unemployed/number of economical active X100.There is two basic ways government can measure the unemployment rates such as The Claimant Count: means the number of people when claiming their unemployment benefit from government on any given period time. Labour Force Surveys: by this survey government count number of employed including number of unemployed people. According to Labour Force survey the graph shows that in 1990 unemployment rates fall at just over 6% where employment rates picked at just under 76%. Currently (source: IMF) UK unemployment rates more than 8% whereas Germany holds well above 10% unemployment rates. Zero Unemployment Rates It is true that the economy unemployment rate could not at zero if an economist full employment because there are two type of unemployment exist in our economy such as: Structural Unemployment: It occurs when consumer demand for the new product. For example when new technological progress has made skills blockage such as computer introduced white collar disappeared. Frictional Unemployment: It occurs when for the particular skill demand for labour and supply for labour are not match or people are not aware for the job opportunity or geographical match of workers ongoing process. Besides those reason unemployment could not zero for some institutional phenomenon such as: Minimum wage law may make it too expensive to hire a extra labour Government employment benefit reduce job interest Government restriction on institution may reduce job arability. Racism or gender discrimination may decrease interest of job. etc However there are numbers of principal schools of thought in macroeconomics offered the cause of unemployment such as Classical Thought Keyness Thought Neo -Classical Thought Monetarism Thought New classical Thought New Keynesian Thought Classical Thought The classical thought assumed that the economy would tend to full equilibrium if left its own. According classical theory, labour market operated demand of labour and supply of labour when balanced by price signals. From the graph shown that there is unemployment exist when excess labour supply (N2) and demand of labour (N3). The classical school of thought explain that if excess labour supply existence in economy, wages would fall(W1 to W*) until the labour market clearing equilibrium is restore, alternatively when excess labour demand existence labour shortage would push up wages and restore the equilibrium(NFull). Says Law is justified the classical view and law said that: supply creates its own demand. That means the economy is in a permanent state of full-employment equilibrium. Because says law guarantees any increase in output of goods and services will sold for sufficient demand and therefore firm will never reduce output or cut the jobs. However, if there is unemployment, market forces should quickly eliminate it and restore equilibrium. But after 1929-33 great depression the whole world economy collapsed in industrial capitalism and the classical school of theory could not explain the established economic wisdom. This depression eventually gave to raise Keynesian thought. Keynesian Thought Keynes his most famous work The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money (1936) argued that could not settle at Equilibrium and it would not change the labour market situation because of aggregate demand. If aggregate demand fell, output and employment could fall and the economy could become trapped in a less than full-employment equilibrium. The graph shows that when demand for labour fall (D1 to D2) the wage also fall (W to W1) and unemployment would formed (ab). Nevertheless 1970s continuous unemployment and inflection failed the Keynesians demand deficient unemployment and this argument considered as Keynesians two analytical frame works such as the 45 degree model and the Philips curve which is known as a Neo- classical theory. Neo Classical Thought According the neo classical thought the 45 degree demonstrates the Keynesian aggregate demand .It means to using the appropriate fiscal policy if aggregate demand add and reduce the economy fall in inflection pressure. More precisely where output and employment are below their full employment level if government cut tax or higher government expenditure which is increases the aggregate demand. On the other hand where output and employment are at their full employment level if government increase tax or decrease government expenditure in this situation demand- pull inflationary pressures are exists. Therefore the aggregate demand management will maintain the economy at close to full employment equilibrium both unemployment and inflection need be a problem. The graphs show that if aggregate demand fall a positive demand shock occurred at full employment equilibrium position (Ye) and meanwhile inflationary gap existed in economy. Conversely the 45 degree aggregate demand says that the unemployment and inflection not appeared in same time. In the late 1950s Philips curve more purify the Keynesian thought. In 1958 Professor A.W.Philips illustrated a statistical relationship between unemployment and inflection The Philips curve shows the inverse relationship between unemployment rates and inflection. It argued that if government wants to reduce unemployment it has to accept higher inflation as a trade off. The graphs shows that if unemployment rates fall (1.5% to 1%) inflation rates up (2 to 4%)S Although in 1970s the Philips curve was unable to explain the problem of unemployment and inflection which is going up together stagflation. In mean while time two economists Milton Friedman and Edwards Phelps appeared with monetarism theory that able to show concurrently inflection and unemployment based on expectations augmented Philips curve. Monetarism Professor Friedman argued that there were a series of different Philips curve for each level of expected inflection. He persuaded that when government injects resources into the economy once again the unemployment fall in short-term but there would occurred high inflation. As a result people expected inflection to occur then they would anticipate and expected a correspondingly higher wage rise. The graph revealed that unemployment below Un to U* the series of Philips curve (SRPC1) moved alone with inflation rates zero to 4% because the expectation has been changed and people adept new rates. But Friedman failed to long term unemployment related with inflation rates which is elaborated by New Classical viewed. New Classical Thought Robert Locus who is one of the new classical economist argued that announced and unannounced fiscal and monetary policy are affected on out and employment because of natural rate of unemployment will alter the equilibrium and this thought actually expand the rational expectation. The graph shows without short term reduction of unemployment (Un to U*) rational agent would anticipated an inflationary environment. New Keynesian Thought The new Keynesian thought wrecked the long run Philips curve which is breakdown by Friedman depends on NAIRU (Non Accelerating inflation rates of unemployment). In Behavioural theory George Akerlof argued at the low level of inflation permanent trade off between inflation and unemployment because low inflation not silent. In the diagram shows when unemployment fall from U a silent inflation becomes higher. Furthermore according New Keynesian point of view real wage rate could establish long unemployment equilibrium. The diagram exposed that a higher market clearing efficiency wage paid consequent unemployment (N2-N1) whereas aggregated demand shock shifting the labour demand curve which is lead the unemployment ( N2 to N3). Most Satisfactory Explanation on nature of European Unemployment The classical thought believed that supply automatically creates full employment and efficient market economy drive the unemployment problem where a little need of government interference. But 1929-33 great depression pushed the European unemployment rates to unprecedented level and whole economy collapsed. Country 1921-29 1930-38 United States 7.9 26.1 United Kingdom 12 15.4 France 3.8 10.2 Germany 9.2 21.8 The table shows the percentage of unemployment rates of European countries during depression period. In 1930-38 USA enjoyed high Unemployed rates 26.1% The depression eventually gave to raise the Cambridge economist John Maynard Keynes thought and he identified the root of the problem as a lack of aggregated demand. He explained that if aggregate demand fall the economy were hit by adverse shocks which create a fall the business confidence where Says law would failed to hold as firms cut investment, output and employment and this process could leave the economy in less than full unemployment equilibrium. Moreover a less than full-employment output would find just enough demand for that output and the economy would be stuck in a slump. Keynes suggested that government attempt stabilized the policy for settle the level of output and full employment. Despite the fact that until 1970s the Keynesian aggregate demand management dominated western policymaking the economy in of overheating and facing the inflationary pressured. In1970s inflation rates increase 10% to more the 20%. The graph shows that after 1970 inflation rates in UK and Japan reached at well above 20% whereas USA and France more than 15% abut Germany enjoyed the less inflationary rates. In the mean while time G5 countries were suffered by high unemployment. From the following graphs we can see that in 1970s unemployment rates increased rapidly where full employment appear only 2.5% . In 1970s economy are experienced by rising unemployment and inflation which made together stagflation where Keynesian policy failed to explain the new dilemma. On the other hand Keynesian appeared that most unemployment arise outside labour market but the great depression and early 1980s and 1990s recession Keynesian view unsuccessful to explain Frictional and Structural unemployment. Conversely Friedman views clear the all of Keynesians confusion which is based on expectations augmented Philips curve. Because 1970s stagflation redundant the Philips curve. Whereas Friedman indentified that the cause of inflation is balanced by the natural rate of unemployment and this unemployment occurred inside labour market which should be in microeconomic nature, cause macroeconomic policy not affective in the long run. He also argued the stabilization policy which was driven the Post war boom means it ineffective to maintain the economics at potential GDP and full employments and it should be d estabilized cause economic will stable inherently. Yet Monetarist assumption abandoned the1980s and 1990s recession and in monetarist view labour market are not flexible even though the lack of competitiveness has obsessed the real wage. After all in my point of view the Keynesian school thought likely approach than other school of thought though monetarist would favour to abandon the stagflation. But if we see the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s inflation and unemployment is high but overall GDP rate remarkable. In addition Keynesian view is applicable in recent recession. Recently viewed that the Europe countries aggregated demand fall and lower rates of growth people are less interest to consume which tend to increased unemployment hand .Besides the Keynesian thought not decline fiscal and monetary policy and Labour union power to determined the wage and right. Recent Unemployment and Solution In UK jobless jumped by 43,000 and unemployment reached at 8%. According to IMF survey global financial crisis impact on European output and employment and it increased the recent unemployment. In Germany, UK output falls in significantly which reduced the growth of employment. Moreover labour market flexibility, mainly the higher level of employment protection lean to reduced employment inflow and outflow and declines the labour reallocation. Further more rapid rise of structural unemployment, financial institutions collapse, cutting hours, early retirement tend to increased the Unemployment On the contrary mix labour market policies and flexibilities at firm level gradually employment has adjusted in UK and Germany. It is true that time accounts smooth the Germanys employment whereas government subsides decreased the working time. But wage flexibility and government support help to surpass the UK unemployment. Conclusion As final point unemployment is a major problem in the world economy. It is very difficult to bring down equilibrium position if it is not stop to increase at the first place and in the long run unemployed not able to participate in labour market. Therefore, government should initiate the improving labour market by increasing work incentives, reforming the operation house market and trade union.

Race and Political Power in the Pre-Civil War Period Essay -- Essays o

Race and Political Power in the Pre-Civil War Period How did race translate itself into political power during this period, and how did Blacks attempt to combat that power. Racism has been the most provocative topic in American history; it has seemed to transcend other struggles, and fester its way into almost every facet of American culture. It has grown like weeds in an unattended garden in to the ideology of America. Politicians use it as a tool for reelection, corporations use it as a way to exploit, and the media uses it as a way to control. But the underlying question is where did it come from, how did it translate itself into political power, and how and what did African Americans do to combat that power. Many of the answers to these questions lie in the pre civil war area also known as the antebellum period. During the early 17th century a powerful farmer by the name of Nathaniel Bacon tried to use African Americans to conquer surrounding tribes and take their lands for indentured servants who had served their time and wanted land. Bacon added blacks to his corps of whites only after he found out he had to fight William Berkley the colonial governor. Berkley thought that arming the Jamestown rubble was too dangerous to be allowed. After Bacons death the Virginia government reacted to the spectacle of interracial servant solidarity by slowly eliminating white servitude and expanding the then new institution of black chattel slavery. By doing this he could guarantee a permanent labor force and win the support of his constituents. Because of efforts like that of Governor Berkley, Virginia had become the primary site for the development of black slavery in the Americas. By the 1650s some of the indentured servants had earned their freedom. Because replacements, whether black or white, were in limited supply and more costly, the Virginia plantation owners considered the advantages of the perpetual servitude policy exercised by Caribbean landowners. Following the lead of Massachusetts and Connecticut, Virginia legalized slavery in 1661. In 1672 the king of England chartered the Royal African Company to bring the shiploads of slaves int o trading centers like Jamestown, Hampton, and Yorktown. Slavery spread quickly in the American colonies. At first the legal status of Africans in America was poorly defined, and some, like European indentured servants,... ...ed afterward may have reached 100. But the rebellion lasted less than two days and was easily suppressed by local residents. Like other slave uprisings in the United States, it caused enormous fear among the whites, but it did not seriously threaten the institution of slavery. Less organized resistance was both more widespread and more successful. This included silent sabotage, or foot-dragging, by slaves, who pretended to be sick, feigned difficulty understanding instructions, and "accidentally" misused tools and animals. It also included small-scale resistance by individuals who fought back physically, at times successfully, against what they regarded as unjust treatment. The most common form of resistance, however, was flight. About 1000 slaves per year escaped to the North during the pre-Civil War decades, most from the upper South. This represented only a small percentage of those who attempted to escape, however, since for every slave who made it to freedom, several more tried. Other fugitives remained within the South, heading for cities or swamps, or hiding out near their plantations for days or weeks before either returning voluntarily or being tracked down and captured.

Bad News Messages

Two Questions: In your opinion, when a company suffers a setback, should you soften the impact by letting the bad news out a little at a time? Why or why not? AND Is intentionally de-emphasizing bad news the same as distorting graphs and charts to de-emphasize unfavorable data? Why or why not? Looking forward to hearing your thoughts. ANSWERS: When a company suffers a setback, delivering the bad news a little at a time creates confusion and uncertainty about the true nature and extent of the problem, which gives rise to complexities or difficulties in effectively addressing the situation.Doing so also creates a rather negative image of the company, especially when interested parties or stakeholders learn about the extent of the bad news and the implications to them from other sources. It is inevitable for companies to suffer setbacks throughout its operations because of the number of poorly managed and uncontrollable factors influencing companies. However, setbacks eventually lead to solutions but the effectiveness depends on the manner that the setback is recognized, analyzed, communicated and handled.Communicating bad news in its full gravity but delivering this in an objective and rational manner by providing all pertinent facts, assessment of the situation, and alternative solutions to draw constructive discussions on the best action or response constitutes a more fulfilling management of bad news messages. De-emphasizing the company’s bad news amounts to the distortion of graphical data because in both cases, the company is manipulating facts to present a different view of the situation, often in favor of the company.Everyone: What about the media â€Å"leaks†? Right now many companies are `downsizing` and they learn about this by reading news stories first. Are any of you working for a company going through this? How is the company handling ANSWERS: In the â€Å"age of information,† it is nearly impossible for large corporations to pr event media leaks. Sometimes, media leaks are even crafted by the top management of companies as a means of controlling or influencing the ultimate outcome of whatever crisis is occurring.By leaking information to the media, companies are able to manage the impact of the situation and soften negative blows to the company or ensure that the information communicated to the public is accurate and true. As part of a non-profit organization, stakeholders often learn information on a nationwide corporate downsizing, during the height or even after the actual fallout.Due to the different structure and practices in a non-profit organization, it takes some time before the lower rung of the organizational structure experience the effects of downsizing, and then, it is no secret. However, in instances when the media get hold of information on the downsizing, the organization immediately opens communication lines to dialogue with the interested parties to explain or clarify and allay fears and suspicions.

Managerial Accounting Notes

Accounting chapter 7 managerial accounting Exercises Lambert Fabrication, Inc. , uses activity-based costing data for internal decisions. The company has the following four activity cost pools: Activity Cost PoolAnnual Activity Producing units5,000 machine-hours Processing orders1,000 orders Customer support200 customers OtherNot applicable The â€Å"Other† activity cost pool consists of the costs of idle capacity and organization-sustaining costs. The company traces the costs of direct materials and direct labor to jobs (i. . , orders). Overhead costs—both manufacturing and non-manufacturing—are allocated to jobs using the activity-based costing system. These overhead costs are listed below: Indirect factory wages$100,000 Other manufacturing overheadS200,000 Selling and administrative expense$400,000 To develop the company's activity-based costing system, employees were asked how they distributed their time and resources across the four activity cost pools. The results of those interviews appear below: Results of Interviews of EmployeesDistribution of Resource Consumption Across Activities Producing Processing Customer UnitsOrdersSupportOtherTotals Indirect factory wages40%30%10%20%100% Other manufacturing overhead30%10%0%60%100% Selling and administrative expense0%25%40%35%100% a. Using the results of the interviews, carry out the first-stage allocation of costs to the activity cost pools. Producing Processing Customer UnitsOrdersSupportOtherTotals Indirect factory wages $ S S $ SOther manufacturing overhead Selling and administrative expense.. Total overhead cost $$ $___ ___ $ $__ ____ Chapter 7 b. Using the results of the first-stage allocation, compute the activity rates for each of the activity cost pools. (Activity rates are not computed for the â€Å"Other† activity cost pool because these costs will not be allocated to products or customers. ) Computation of Activity RatesActivity Cost Pools Total CostTotal ActivityActivity Rate Producing units $ machine-hours $ per machine-hour Processing orders $ orders $ per order Customer support $ customers $per customer c. Data concerning one of the company's products are listed below: Product W562 Selling price$100 Annual sales (units)1,000 Direct materials per unit$24 Direct labor per unit$6 Machine-hours per unit1. 5 Orders processed80 Using the activity rates you derived in part (b) above and the above data, compute the total amount of over ¬head cost that would be allocated to product W562.Overhead Cost of Product W562 Activity Cost PoolsActivity RateActivityABC Cost Producing units$per machine-hourmachine-hours$ Processing orders$per orderorders Customer support$per customerNot applicable Total $__________ d. Using the data developed above for product W562, complete the following report. Product Margin—Product W562 Sales$ Costs: Direct materials$ Direct labor Producing units Processing orders ________ Product margin $_______________

Duc de Saint-Simon and The Court of Louis XIV essays

Duc de Saint-Simon and The Court of Louis XIV essays In 1746 Duc de Saint Simon finished work on his Memoirs. In this document he gave a detailed account of life in Versailles under the king Louis XIV. Saint-Simon described Louis XIV as a man whose natural talents were below mediocrity. He claimed that Louis made up for his natural shortcomings by affiliating himself with the most proficient people of both sexes in all areas. According to Saint-Simon Louis XIV real talent was that he was able to assimilate what was best in the minds of others without slavish imitation. In Saint-Simons document he states that Louis XIV greatest weakness was his vanity. This love of being flattered often caused Louis to engage in serious wars; for he was easily convinced that he had a superior aptitude when it came to war than any of his Generals (Saint-Simon). He also loved to tell stories about his campaigns which he expressed ... clearly in well chosen language (Saint-Simon). One example of his vanity is the symbol he chose to represent himsel f. Louis XIV dub himself the Sun King, claiming that the sun represented the duties of a Prince (Sendlessly promoted life, joy and growth and that the sun was the most dazzling and most beautiful image of the monarch (S It was not until 1682 that Louis XIV officially moved his court from Paris to Versailles. The motives behind him moving his court were mainly due to security issues. Louis did not feel safe in Paris due to a series of revolts against the monarchy known as the Fronde, also being away from the large crowds in Paris allowed him to keep a more watchful eye on the member of his court. By removing himself from the city he could more easily detect the movements and temporary absences of any of ... members (Saint-Simon). According to S&S Louis striped the member of his c...

Business analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Business analysis - Essay Example So any negative traits or behaviour associated with them is hided because of the fear of norms of the society. It is difficult to surpass these distortions. They are found to have a profound effect on the job which is already considered tough in terms of measuring the perception, experience and memory. The worst effect of cognitive bias can result in spoiling or limiting an otherwise solid research design. In conducting qualitative research, it is crucial to be aware of the biases which occur due to cognition. These can be emerging from effects of experiments as well from participants or respondents. Even though these biases are difficult in terms of complete elimination, a combination of these techniques can help in reducing the distortions caused by cognitive bias. A major example of cognitive bias occurs during qualitative research, where the measurement techniques such as questionnaire, focus group interviews are flowed, because of cognitive biases. This is because the objective of asking questions to the comsumers is rooted to their opinions and thoughts. According to Zambardino & Goodfellow (2007), evaluation of advertising and branding is fundamentally rooted fundamentally in questioning individuals regarding their recollections and attitudes. However, the advertising does not operate according to these methods. Advertisements employ a cognitive discourse in order to uncover emotional phenomena during advertisements and thus introduce a cognitive bias into the measurement process. There are various kinds of cognitive biases, which not only affect the consumer but also the researcher. Groupthink, also known as herd behaviour or the bandwagon effect is a behaviour which occurs when members in a group conceal or minimize their personal opinions or beliefs to maintain cohesiveness in the group. In case of group setting, participants may consider they are left out or uncomfortable if the personal viewpoint expressed by them is not accepted (Asch, 1955). The p articipants tend to move along and agree with what the group is concluding, even if they have a different opinion or their viewpoint does not match with the majority. This is a common problem when information is gathered in collective techniques such as focus group and this is a major cognitive bias which results in skewed results. Another form of cognitive bias which influences research is the availability bias. When respondents are asked questions, it is most likely that they recall their more recent experiences or recall only those experiences that come to their mind readily. The problem with this is that much of a participant’s recall is based in cognitive processes that focus on memorable or vivid occurrences. This results in a biased result because the absolute information is not obtained from the respondent. Cognitive biases not only influence the beliefs and opinions of the consumer, but also have the potential to negatively impact the researcher. Confirmation bias ca n be considered as a common form of bias occurring from the viewpoint of the researcher. It is the perception where a researcher opts for information that matches the conceptions already present in the mind and rejects all other new information, so as to avoid any conflict in beliefs and attitudes. Researchers tend

Precautions to be taken in drafting Oil & Gas Industry Contracts Essay

Precautions to be taken in drafting Oil & Gas Industry Contracts - Essay Example This essay discusses that Oil & Gas industry is a unique industry as it involves a high risk aspect of exploitation and exploration, high capital –intensive character of the industry, geographic ambit of operations and assets, environmental issues, up-date technology needs, safeguard issues, downstream brand advertising, size and range of employee base, political predispositions,etc. Oil & Gas industry engrosses the granting many contracts like project feasibility study, construction, supplies, civil and offshore contracts, mainly through subcontracts. If the turnkey contract is implemented, then the contract has the responsibility of defining in a strict, complete and definite manner the works to be covered and risk to be borne in the contract itself. In the oil and gas sector, the definitive goal of any operator is to exploit maximum revenues by efficient and rapid discovery of petroleum and gas resources with no or minimal disruption. Contractual process in Oil and Gas (O&G ) industry is a lengthy and time-consuming process , fixing the accountability and granting damages to the affected parties is normally considered to be a hectic task given the nature of the industry which is symbolised by subcontracting. To achieve their business goal, operators in O&G industry is well aware that risks in the industry can be administered and controlled when the same has been unequivocally distributed to one or more parties. It is to be noted that risks can be covered by taking appropriate insurance policies, but this involves an additional financial burden to the operators. The easy way to shift the risk in O&G industry is to employ contractors to alter common law approach as a risk management process. (4). LOGIC of UK has published a standard contract (boilerplate contract) through its 2nd Edition, October 2004 for the oil & gas industry in UK. This is a standard contract, and the contract employs English law .However, now, all references to UK needs’ have been withdrawn, and it can be employed on a global basis. For drafting contracts for oil and gas industry , the lawyers will use boilerplate contract like the one designed by Logic .It connotes to any interchangeable ,† one size fits all† provision. While drafting the contract, more significance has to be given to the areas like the notice clauses, the choice of law clauses, the force majeure clauses, the delegation and the assignment provision. These clauses are significant as it will give a road map, informing the parties concerned their relationships and how to administer the contract. (2) Some of the main advantages of the boilerplate contracts are that it contains many clauses either override or restates the common law provisions and is being in use by the relevant companies for long time. It is having drafting efficiency and to costs fewer pounds and takes less time to input the standard clauses into the contract. By incorporating the conditions available in the bo ilerplate contracts will help to avoid errors. Further, a standard clause is well known to business and legal community, thereby minimising the costs of reassessing and negotiating the provisions, as well as fostering a analogues interpretation. (2) Some critics allege that the poorly outlined boilerplate clauses may result in issues instead of finding a solution while execution of a contract. A poorly drafted contract will no doubt will result in the litigation which is not only time-consuming and also expensive. Thus, there is a need to give more careful attention to each and every boilerplate clauses, including how it is going to be interpreted in the case of future litigation. (2) For the risk allocation, common law provision is followed in O&G contracts and, where there is no specific contract and the general law pertaining to tort, contract/delict will be applicable. With the operative word being ‘negligence†, the liability stems from the fault or infringement of d uty in such cases.